From the free UGC NET History Mock Test 10 — Unit 10: Historical Method, Research, Methodology, and Historiography unit-wise mock test — real question, real answer, real explanation.
The historical study of climate, landscape, environment, and human interactions over time is designated as:
Environmental History ✓
Historical Geography
Social Ecology
Geo-archaeology
Environmental History studies the long-term interaction between human societies and their natural surroundings.
Who is considered a pioneer of Indian Environmental History, authoring This Fissured Land: An Ecological History of India alongside Madhav Gadgil?
Ramachandra Guha ✓
Mahesh Rangarajan
Richard Grove
Madhav Gadgil
Ramachandra Guha, with Madhav Gadgil, wrote This Fissured Land, a pioneering work of Indian environmental history.
In bibliographic citations, what does the Latin abbreviation ibid. (ibidem) indicate?
In the same place / work previously cited in the immediately preceding footnote ✓
In another work by the same author
Cited elsewhere in the appendix
See the following page
"Ibid." (ibidem) refers to the same source cited in the immediately preceding footnote/reference.
What does the citation abbreviation op. cit. (operato citato) stand for?
In the work cited previously (by the same author, but not in the immediately preceding footnote) ✓
In the original text
Without publisher location
See above chapter
"Op. cit." (opere citato) refers back to a work already cited earlier, but not immediately before, in the text.
The term Anachronism in historical writing refers to:
Placing an event, person, item, or idea in a chronological period where it does not belong ✓
Omitting crucial dates from a narrative
Translating ancient texts incorrectly
Overemphasizing economic factors over cultural ones
Anachronism means placing a person, event, or idea in a time period to which it does not actually belong.
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Itihaaskar — UGC NET/JRF & UPSC History Optional notes by Parveen Malik (B.Tech. (CSE), M.A. (History), History JRF). Also spelt Itihaskar.
