From the free UGC NET History Mock Test 10 — Unit 10: Historical Method, Research, Methodology, and Historiography unit-wise mock test — real question, real answer, real explanation.
The materialist interpretation of history (Historical Materialism), asserting that economic structure determines the social superstructure, was formulated by:
Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels ✓
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Auguste Comte
Max Weber
Marx and Engels's historical materialism held that a society's economic base (mode of production) shapes its social and political superstructure.
Who propounded the idealistic dialectical framework based on Thesis, Antithesis, and Synthesis that heavily influenced historical thinking?
G.W.F. Hegel ✓
Immanuel Kant
Auguste Comte
Arthur Schopenhauer
Hegel's dialectic — thesis, antithesis, synthesis — framed history as the unfolding of an underlying rational, spiritual process.
The term Subaltern Studies in Indian historiography was introduced in 1982 to focus on non-elite peasant and working-class agency under the editorship of:
Ranajit Guha ✓
Partha Chatterjee
Shahid Amin
Gyanendra Pandey
Ranajit Guha edited the first Subaltern Studies volume (1982), shifting Indian historiography's focus onto peasant and non-elite agency.
The seminal Marxist work An Introduction to the Study of Indian History (1956), which re-orientated Indian history using Marxist methodology, was written by:
D.D. Kosambi ✓
R.S. Sharma
Irfan Habib
Romila Thapar
D.D. Kosambi's 1956 work applied Marxist method systematically to reinterpret ancient and medieval Indian history through modes of production.
Who authored the monumental economic and social history titled Agrarian System of Mughal India (1556–1707)?
Irfan Habib ✓
Satish Chandra
Athar Ali
Muzaffar Alam
Irfan Habib's Agrarian System of Mughal India remains a landmark quantitative-Marxist study of Mughal land revenue and peasant economy.
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Itihaaskar — UGC NET/JRF & UPSC History Optional notes by Parveen Malik (B.Tech. (CSE), M.A. (History), History JRF). Also spelt Itihaskar.
