Question 1

The system under which private British companies built railways in India with a guaranteed minimum interest rate on capital investment paid from Indian revenues was called:

Accepted Answer

Guarantee System — Under the Guarantee System, private British railway companies were assured a minimum return on their capital, paid out of Indian revenues regardless of actual profitability — a system nationalist economists heavily criticized as shifting investment risk onto India while profits flowed to British shareholders.

Question 2

The nationalist critic who described the Guarantee System of British Railways in India as "private enterprise at public risk" was:

Accepted Answer

D.E. Wacha (and G.K. Gokhale / M.G. Ranade) — D.E. Wacha, along with Gokhale and Ranade, was among the sharpest nationalist critics of the Guarantee System, memorably summarizing it as "private enterprise at public risk" — a phrase capturing the core economic-nationalist objection to how railway finance was structured.

Question 3

The Dadni System prevalent in early British trade operations in Bengal referred to:

Accepted Answer

Advances paid by East India Company merchants to native artisans and weavers to secure finished goods — Under the Dadni system, Company merchants advanced payment to weavers/artisans in exchange for a guaranteed future supply of finished goods — a system that, over time, evolved into increasingly exploitative terms for artisans as Company control tightened in Bengal.

Question 4

The Tinkathia System enforced by indigo planters in Champaran, Bihar, compelled peasants to cultivate indigo on:

Accepted Answer

3/20th portion of their total holding — Under Tinkathia, peasants were compelled to grow indigo on 3/20th (three kathas per bigha) of their landholding on terms fixed by planters — the system's exploitative nature was central to the grievances Gandhi investigated during his first major Indian campaign, the 1917 Champaran Satyagraha.

Question 5

The Deccan Riots of 1875 in Maharashtra were predominantly directed by agrarian peasants against:

Accepted Answer

Moneylenders (Marwaris and Gujars) and their debt bonds — The 1875 Deccan Riots saw indebted peasants targeting moneylenders and destroying debt bonds/records — a direct response to worsening agrarian indebtedness under colonial revenue and market conditions, distinct from a directly anti-British political uprising.

UGC NET History Practice Question

More Free UGC NET History Practice