Question 1

Who was the chief architect of the Taj Mahal at Agra?

Accepted Answer

Ustad Ahmad Lahori — Ustad Ahmad Lahori is generally credited as the principal architect of the Taj Mahal, though its construction involved a large team of specialists — Amanat Khan, for instance, was specifically responsible for its famous calligraphic inscriptions, a distinct and separately credited contribution.

Question 2

The Charbagh (four-quartered garden) layout was introduced into Indian architectural landscape by:

Accepted Answer

Babur — Babur introduced the Persian/Timurid Charbagh (a garden divided into four quadrants by water channels) to India, reflecting his own cultural background — this layout became a defining feature of later Mughal garden and tomb architecture, including the Taj Mahal's grounds.

Question 3

Which Sultan of Delhi established the city of Agra in 1504 and made it his imperial capital?

Accepted Answer

Sikandar Lodi — Sikandar Lodi founded Agra in 1504 and shifted his capital there — its strategic and symbolic importance continued under the Mughals, who made it one of their principal imperial cities.

Question 4

The Gol Gumbaz at Vijayapura (Bijapur), famous for its giant dome and whispering gallery, is the mausoleum of:

Accepted Answer

Mohammed Adil Shah — The Gol Gumbaz, with one of the largest pre-modern domes in the world and a famous whispering gallery, is the mausoleum of Mohammed Adil Shah of Bijapur — a landmark of Deccan Sultanate architecture distinct from the Mughal architectural tradition further north.

Question 5

The prominent female Sufi mystic of 14th-century Kashmir who composed spiritual verses (Vakhs) was:

Accepted Answer

Lal Ded (Lalla Yogini) — Lal Ded (Lalla Yogini) composed Vakhs — mystical Kashmiri verses blending Shaiva and Sufi ideas — and remains a revered figure across both Hindu and Muslim traditions in Kashmir, an early and influential example of the region's syncretic spiritual culture.

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