From the free UGC NET History Mock Test 5 — Unit 5: Administration & Economy unit-wise mock test — real question, real answer, real explanation.
In the Mughal agrarian economy, peasants who cultivated lands in their own villages where they resided permanently were classified as:
Khudkasht ✓
Pahi-kasht
Muzarian
Mujarian
Khudkasht peasants were resident cultivators farming their own village's land continuously — contrasted with Pahi-kasht, non-resident cultivators who migrated in to farm land in a village not their own, often on more favorable terms to attract labor.
What were the non-resident migratory cultivators cultivating lands in neighboring villages called in Mughal records?
Pahi-kasht ✓
Khudkasht
Ryots
Zamindars
Pahi-kasht cultivators farmed land outside their home village, often because a village offered better terms to attract labor for underused land — an important category showing agrarian labor mobility, not a static or fully bound peasantry.
The silver currency coin Rupiya was introduced for the first time in India by which medieval ruler?
Alauddin Khalji
Sher Shah Suri ✓
Akbar
Muhammad bin Tughlaq
Sher Shah Suri introduced the silver Rupiya (a standardized, high-purity coin of about 178 grains) during his brief but administratively influential reign — the coin's basic weight standard endured through the Mughal period and beyond, the ancestor of the modern rupee.
The gold coin issued during the Mughal period, valued at approximately 9 to 10 silver rupees, was officially named:
Mohur ✓
Dam
Pagoda
Hon
The Mohur was the standard Mughal gold coin, valued at roughly 9-10 silver Rupiyas depending on period and exchange rates — Dam was the copper coin, making these two, along with the Rupiya, the tri-metallic backbone of Mughal currency.
What was the copper coin of smallest denomination widely used for day-to-day common transactions under Akbar?
Dam ✓
Jital
Fanam
Tanka
The Dam was Akbar's standard copper coin for everyday transactions, forming the base of a tri-metallic system alongside the silver Rupiya and gold Mohur — its wide circulation reflects a genuinely monetized economy reaching well beyond elite transactions.
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Itihaaskar — UGC NET/JRF & UPSC History Optional notes by Parveen Malik (B.Tech. (CSE), M.A. (History), History JRF). Also spelt Itihaskar.
